Malic acid, also known as 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, has two stereoisomers due to an asymmetric carbon atom in the molecule. In nature, it exists in three forms, i.e., D-malic acid, L-malic acid and its mixture DL-malic acid, which is a white crystalline or crystalline powder with strong hygroscopicity, easily soluble in water and ethanol, and has a special pleasant acidic flavor.

Malic acid is mainly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.The production methods of L-malic acid have been developed from the early single extraction method to the following methods: extraction, chemical synthesis, one-step fermentation, two-step fermentation, immobilized enzyme or cell transformation method. At present, the problem is still the lack of good production strains, in the research and breeding of good strains at the same time, focusing on strengthening the extraction process and other related technology research, improve the upstream and downstream engineering supporting technology research and development is very necessary.

1. Food industry applications

L-malic acid is an important component of natural fruit juice, compared with citric acid, it has a large acidity (acidity is 20% stronger than citric acid), but a soft taste (with a high buffer index), with a special flavor, without damaging the oral cavity and teeth, metabolism is conducive to the absorption of amino acids, does not accumulate fat, is a new generation of food acidulant, is known as the “ideal food acidulant” by the biological community and nutritional industry. It is the new generation of food acidifier, which is regarded as “the most ideal food acidifier” by biological and nutritional circles, and has been replacing citric acid in food for the elderly and children since 2013.

L-malic acid is an essential organic acid and an ideal low-calorie food additive. When 50% L-malic acid is used in combination with 20% citric acid, it gives a strong natural fruit flavor.

Beverages (all kinds of refreshing drinks): The soft drinks prepared by applying L-malic acid are thirst quenching and refreshing, with apple sour flavor, close to natural fruit juice. Some large domestic food companies, such as Wahaha Group and Jianlibao Group have started to use L-malic acid in beverages.

L-malic acid is the cyclic intermediate of tricarboxylic acid of organism, the taste is close to natural fruit juice and has natural flavor, compared with citric acid, it produces lower calories and better taste, so it is widely used in many kinds of food such as wine, beverage, jam, chewing gum and so on, and it has the momentum of gradually replacing citric acid. It is one of the organic acids with the largest dosage and better development prospect in the world food industry.

L-malic acid contains natural emollient components, can easily dissolve the bond in the dry scaly dead cells between the “adhesive”, so that the skin surface wrinkles can be removed, so that the skin becomes tender white, smooth and elastic, so in the cosmetic formulations are highly favored; L-malic acid can be formulated with a variety of flavors and fragrances, used for L-malic acid can be used to formulate a variety of flavors and fragrances, and used in a variety of daily-use chemical products, such as toothpaste, shampoo, etc.; compared with citric acid, L-malic acid has a soft and chic acidity, so it is used in foreign countries as a new type of detergent auxiliaries instead of citric acid for the synthesis of high-grade special detergents.

L-malic acid can be used in the treatment of liver disease, anemia, low immunity, uremia, hypertension, liver failure and other diseases, and can reduce the toxic effects of anti-cancer drugs on normal cells; can also be used in the preparation and synthesis of insect repellents, anti-tartar agents.

2.Application in pharmaceutical industry

In a variety of tablets, syrups with malic acid can present a fruity flavor, and is conducive to absorption and diffusion in the body, it is often paired into the compound amino acid injection to improve the utilization of amino acids. Its sodium salt is an effective drug for the treatment of hepatic insufficiency, especially hypertension.Potassium L-malate is a good potassium supplement, which can keep the water balance of human body and treat edema, hypertension and lipodystrophy.

L-malic acid can be used in pharmaceutical preparations, tablets, syrups, and can also be formulated into amino acid solutions, which can significantly improve the absorption rate of amino acids; L-malic can be used in the treatment of liver disease, anemia, low immunity, uremia, hypertension, liver failure and other diseases, and can reduce the toxic effects of anticancer drugs on normal cells, and is also used in the preparation and synthesis of insect repellents, tartar-resistant It is also used in the preparation and synthesis of insect repellent and anti-tartar agent. In addition, L-malic acid can also be used as industrial cleaning agent, resin curing agent, synthetic material plasticizer, feed additives and so on.

3. Application in daily chemical industry

Zinc L-malate is used in toothpaste as an antibacterial plaque agent and anti-calculus agent, synthetic flavor formulations.

4. Chemical industry applications

It can be used as one of the synthetic raw materials for descaling agent and fluorescent whitening agent. It can be added to shellac varnish or other varnishes to prevent the varnish from crusting, and the polyester resin and alkyd resin produced with this acid are plastics with special uses.

5. Agriculture

In November 2022, Chinese scientists discovered that the selection of organic acids such as malic acid (flavor) is accomplished during watermelon improvement.

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Soy protein, known as soy protein, is the protein contained in soy products, which is about 38% or more, four to five times more than cereals. Soy protein is a plant-based protein.

Soy protein is a kind of plant protein, its amino acid composition is similar to milk protein, in addition to methionine is slightly lower, the rest of the essential amino acid content are richer, is a plant-based complete protein. In terms of nutritional value, can be equal to animal protein, in the genetic structure is also the closest to the human body amino acids, so it is the most nutritious plant protein. Soy protein has the incomparable advantages of animal protein, soy protein, although methionine is very little, but does not contain cholesterol, its unique physiological active substances --- isoflavones have the effect of lowering cholesterol. Soybean is one of the main crops in China, because it has both edible oil resources and edible protein resources, has a high nutritional value, soy protein is the most abundant protein in nature, the amino acid composition and the composition of essential amino acids similar to the human body, but also rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, oligosaccharides and a variety of vitamins, is known as the “gold of growth. Gold”. Industrialized soy protein products include soy protein powder (SF), soy protein concentrate (SPC), soy protein isolate (SPI) and soy tissue protein (TSP).

FAO/WHO (1985) human test results show that the essential amino acid composition of soy protein is more suitable for human needs, for people over two years of age, the physiological efficiency of soy protein is 100. soy is rich in protein, and its protein content is almost twice as much as that of meat, eggs and fish. Moreover, the protein contained in soybeans has sufficient content of “essential amino acids” and complete components, which belongs to “high-quality protein”. The human body's demand for protein varies according to age, gender, weight, job type and so on. In order to guide people's diet, countries around the world combined with the actual situation of their own country respectively formulated the “recommended daily supply of dietary nutrients” In 1999, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a statement: 25 grams of soy protein intake per day, there is a reduction in the risk of cardio-cerebral vascular disease.

There are two types of soy protein products: powdered soy protein products and textured soy protein products.

Powdered soy protein products are soybean as raw material by degreasing, removal or partial removal of carbohydrates and soy protein-rich products, depending on the protein content is different, divided into three kinds: (1) soy protein powder, protein content of 50-65% (dry basis); (2) soy protein concentrate, protein content of 65-90% (dry basis), with soy protein concentrate as raw material by physical modification and obtain the With emulsification, gel and other functions of the product is called functional soybean protein concentrate (3) soybean isolate protein, protein content of 90% (dry basis) or more. Soybeans are rich in protein, its content is wheat, rice and other cereal crops more than twice, usually between 40% and 50%. The storage protein is the main body of soybean protein, accounting for more than 70% of the total protein, including 7S globulin (soybean with globulin) and 11S globulin (soybean globulin), and other storage proteins, such as 2S, 9S, 15S and so on, the content of a smaller amount. In addition to storage proteins, soy protein also contains some biologically active proteins, such as β-amylase, cytochrome c, phytohemagglutinin, lipoxygenase, urease, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor. Often, these inhibitors are removed during processing or inactivated by special means to improve the digestibility of soy products. In addition, isoflavones, saponins and lecithin are usually present in different types of commercially available soy protein products.

In terms of amino acid content, soy protein is the only plant protein reported to contain the nine essential amino acids required by the human body and to meet the human body's needs, and it is recognized as a full-valent protein, with the protein evaluation index PDCAAS (Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score) reaching the maximum value of the evaluation, as do casein and egg white.1 From the point of view of amino acid requirement, both for 2% and 2% of the total amino acid requirement, soy protein has the highest amino acid content in the world. In terms of amino acid requirements, the essential amino acid content of soy protein meets the daily requirement of the human body for both preschool children aged 2 to 5 years and adults. However, for infants, the addition of threonine, methionine, lysine and tryptophan in appropriate amounts can increase the potency ratio and net protein ratio of soy protein.

The modern population needs foods that are appetizing, free of adverse side effects, and rich in nutrients. Among the existing food groups, there is no other crop with these conditions and abundant sources of raw materials than soybeans. Drinks made from soy protein are known as “green milk” by nutritionists. Soy protein is effective in reducing high cholesterol in people with high cholesterol. Soy protein drinks in the arginine content than milk, its arginine and lysine ratio is also more reasonable; the lipids, linoleic acid is extremely rich and does not contain cholesterol, can prevent cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Rich lecithin, can remove excess sterols in the blood, “vascular scavenger” reputation.

Soy protein drinks are easier to digest and absorb than milk. Milk into the stomach is easy to form large and hard lumps, while soy milk into the stomach is formed into small slices, and fluffy not hard, can make it easier to digest and absorb. These soy proteins are essential nutrients for everyone, but most of them are insufficient through daily dietary intake and must be supplemented by consuming protein powders, especially for certain special groups such as children, pregnant women, lactating mothers and the elderly.

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L-malic acid is widely used as a functional acidifier in the beverage and food industry. The acidity of malic acid is long-lasting, and its acidity is 20% stronger than that of citric acid, which can not only maintain the flavor of natural fruit juice, but also eliminate the aftertaste of bitterness when combined with synthetic sweeteners, and can partially or completely replace citric acid for the acidity adjustment of beverages and food. In addition, L-malic acid is one of the important hubs of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in human body, and has many unique physiological functions. In its natural configuration, L-malic acid plays a very important role in cellular energy production. It also exists and transports metal ions in the form of complexes in living organisms. Therefore, Calcium L-Malate can be used for the prevention and treatment of senile osteoporosis caused by calcium deficiency. 

L-malic acid is also used in the processing and preservation of fresh meat, accelerating the maturation and preserving the freshness of the meat.L-malic acid can induce the division of skin cells and improve the growth of skin tissues, and thus can be used in the cosmetic industry. Since citric acid induces fatty acid synthesis, the use of L-malic acid in food and beverages can reduce fat synthesis, and malic acid has the function of weight loss. In recent years, it is also found that L-malic acid has the function of liver protection, detoxification and anti-depression, which is a functional additive with great application prospect.

Use of L-malic acid

L-malic acid is the form that can be utilized by living organisms, it is often used in compound amino acid injection (an important nutritional drug after surgery) to improve the utilization rate of amino acids, which is especially important for patients with postoperative weakness and liver dysfunction.Potassium L-malate is a good potassium supplement, it can maintain the water balance of the body, treat edema, hypertension and fat accumulation, etc. L-malic acid is a good supplement for liver disease, especially for hyperglycemia caused by liver dysfunction, it is a good additive for treating liver disease, especially for hypercalcemia caused by liver dysfunction, it is also a good additive for treating liver disease. L-malic acid is a good medicine for treating liver diseases, especially high blood ammonia caused by liver dysfunction.Sodium L-malate has 1/3 salty taste of table salt, and can be used as substitute table salt for kidney patients.

The uses of L-malic acid in food, medicine, daily-use chemical industry are as follows:

(1) Food industry: used for processing and configuration of beverages, wine, fruit juice, also used in candy, jam and other manufacturing, food and bacteriostatic and antiseptic effect. It can also be used for PH adjustment of yogurt fermentation and removal of tartaric acid salt in wine brewing.

(2) Tobacco industry: malic acid derivatives (such as esters) can improve the flavor of tobacco.

(3) Pharmaceutical industry: a variety of tablets, syrups with malic acid can be fruit flavor, and is conducive to absorption and diffusion in the body.

(4) Daily-use chemical industry: it is a good complexing agent, ester agent, used in toothpaste formulas, toothpaste tablets, synthetic spice formulas, etc. It can also be used as a component of deodorants and detergents.

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“Preservative” is the functional name for a wide range of compounds that are used to help slow or prevent the growth of bacteria in a variety of products, including foods, pharmaceuticals and personal care products. These compounds can be natural or synthetic. Preservatives play an important role in many of the products that people use every day - for example, by helping to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms and preventing products from deteriorating or becoming contaminated.

1. Uses and benefits

• Preservatives in food

Various preservatives are added to food to prevent spoilage caused by bacteria, molds, fungi and yeast. Preservatives extend the freshness and shelf life of food. Food preservatives are also used to slow or prevent changes in color, taste or texture and to delay food spoilage.

• Preservatives in drugs and medicines

Preservatives are commonly used in drugs such as acetaminophen, insulin and cough syrup to prevent microbial contamination. Simply put, preservatives help prevent the growth of microorganisms, especially bacteria and fungi that can cause disease or infection.

• Preservatives in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products

Preservatives in cosmetics and personal care products help prevent contamination and the growth of harmful bacteria in products such as sunscreens, skin lotions, shampoos, cleansers, toothpastes, and cosmetics.

Antimicrobial preservatives in cosmetics and personal care products help prevent the growth of molds, yeasts, and bacteria, and prevent contamination that can lead to inflammation or infection. Antioxidant preservatives can also help prevent deterioration of personal care products by inhibiting the reactions that can occur when certain components of a cosmetic or personal care product combine with oxygen when exposed to light, heat and certain metals.

• Preservatives in Wood

Wood treated with preservatives can be used to build utility poles, road signs and marine piles as well as decks, theater stages and garden beds.

2. Safety Information

• Safety of Preservatives in Food

The use of preservatives in food is strictly investigated, regulated and monitored by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Federal regulations require evidence that food additives are safe when used for their intended purpose.

The safety of food preservatives is under continual review by the FDA as a scientifically recognized and continually improving test method.

• Safety of Preservatives in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products

Unlike foods, beauty products and ingredients that contain preservatives, with the exception of color additives, do not require FDA approval before they can be placed on the market.The FDA will take steps to identify products in the marketplace that do not comply with the regulations; for example, if the product contains any toxic or hazardous substances.The FDA monitors the company's implementation of a product recall, or if the company does not voluntarily implement a recall, the FDA may require the company to do so.The FDA will take steps to identify products that do not comply with the regulations; for example, if a product contains any toxic or hazardous substances.

• Safety of Drugs and Preservatives in Drugs

The FDA generally considers preservatives in drugs to be “inactive ingredients. Inactive ingredients (such as dyes, preservatives, and flavorings) are part of a drug and do not interfere with the therapeutic effect of the active ingredient.FDA's Inactive Ingredient Database provides detailed information about inactive ingredients in FDA-approved drugs.

The FDA, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other federal agencies regularly monitor and investigate vaccine safety.

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Edible gelatin and industrial gelatin are gelatin, basically no difference in appearance, the average consumer can not identify, and the difference lies in the raw materials and different uses. The reason why there will be gelatin in yogurt, jelly and other foods is because gelatin has the physical and chemical properties of strong water absorption and high viscosity, coupled with a fat-free, high protein, cholesterol-free, so gelatin becomes a natural nutritious food thickening agent for yogurt, jelly, Xiao Long Bao and other foods to add a certain texture to be used, but also has a certain role in preserving freshness.

To add gelatin to food is known as food gelatin, food gelatin is the use of fresh animal skin by strict safety production control boiling extracted collagen protein, non-toxic and harmless, as long as the requirements of the country in accordance with the packaging labeling, it is not illegal, the public do not need to worry about safety issues, from a nutritional point of view, the addition of food gelatin will not affect the original nutritional value of food.

The main character of the recent public unpleasantness is another use of gelatin - industrial gelatin. Industrial gelatine is widely used in a variety of products in the sheet metal, furniture, matches, packaging, paper and other industries, and in which it mainly plays a role in thickening, stabilizing, cohesion and so on. Because it is not used for food, the boiling process is relatively simple, in which preservatives are also added, and its use for food is strictly prohibited.

Now the common practice is to collect leather trimmings, through a series of processes, from the leather will be hydrolyzed proteins out, made of gelatin, so can effectively use the waste leather, reduce costs. But the problem is that the waste leather contains a lot of metal chromium, and in the process of dehydrolyzed proteins chromium can not come off clean, so the industrial gelatin with toxicity, if only used for industrial production, will not cause damage to human health.

Foods with gelatin are not vegan

Gelatin as a food thickener, used in meat jelly, canned food, candy, sausage, fans, instant noodles, ice cream and other food industries, and food to add a thickener in one of the purposes is to increase the strong taste, such as vermicelli, instant noodles, etc.; Secondly, in order to prevent impact in the process of transportation leads to the collapse of the product shape, such as yogurt. There are many netizens mistakenly believe that fans, vermicelli, yogurt, etc. belong to the vegetarian diet, which is a kind of misinterpretation.

This is a misinterpretation because gelatin is added during the production of vermicelli, and gelatin is a product boiled from the skin, bones, tendons and other parts of the animal, so if there is a product that contains gelatin, it can't possibly be vegan, and therefore some vegans shouldn't choose to add gelatin to their products.

Nowadays there are some all-vegan gelatin substitutes such as guar gum, carrageenan, etc. There are also many vegan substances that have the same ingredients as gelatin, such as cellulose, agar, guar gum, xanthan gum, carob fruit, fruit jelly, etc., so if you read the ingredients list and see that there is gelatin, then you can know that it's not vegan, but if there are any of the vegan substances mentioned above in the ingredients list, even if you're a vegan, you can eat it now.

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Melatonin is widely used to improve sleep, especially for those who struggle with insomnia or jet lag. However, many people wonder, “Is Melatonin bad for you?”

 

Understanding Melatonin and Its Effects

Natural Hormone: Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced by your body to regulate the sleep-wake cycle. Taking it in supplement form can help you fall asleep faster and maintain better sleep quality.

Safe for Short-Term Use: Research shows that melatonin is safe for short-term use. Most people tolerate it well, with few side effects such as dizziness or daytime drowsiness if taken incorrectly.

 

Consult a Doctor for Long-Term Use: If you plan to use melatonin supplements regularly, consult a healthcare provider to ensure it's the right choice for you, especially if you're using other medications.

 

At Keynovo, we offer high-quality Melatonin raw material for use in supplements and pharmaceutical products. We also provide private label and OEM customization, allowing you to create tailored melatonin products for your customers.

 

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Ashwagandha has become a popular supplement due to its stress-relieving and energy-boosting properties. If you're new to using Ashwagandha capsules, it's important to know how to take them effectively to maximize their benefits.

How to Take Ashwagandha Capsules: A Simple Guide

Follow Recommended Dosage: Typically, the standard dosage of Ashwagandha is between 300 to 500 mg per day. For best results, follow the dosage recommendations on your product packaging or consult a healthcare professional.

Take with Food: Ashwagandha capsules are best taken with meals to help with absorption and to avoid any potential stomach discomfort.

Consistency is Key: Ashwagandha works best when taken consistently over time. Include it as part of your daily routine to experience long-term benefits, such as improved sleep and stress relief.

At Keynovo, we provide premium Ashwagandha raw material and offer OEM customization for your capsules and tablets. Whether you're in the market for bulk raw materials or looking to create a private label product, we are your trusted partner for high-quality supplements.

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Astragalus is a plant that has been used in Chinese medicine for a very long time. The extract, which comes from its root, is known for helping people stay healthy. Here are some of the key ways it helps:

Boosting the Immune System

Astragalus Root Extract helps the body fight infections by making more white blood cells, which protect us from germs. This is especially useful during cold and flu seasons.

Reducing Inflammation

It has properties that help reduce swelling and pain in the body, which is helpful for people with conditions like heart disease or arthritis.

Powerful Antioxidants

High-quality Astragalus extract has antioxidants, which protect our cells from damage that can make us age faster or cause diseases.

Improving Heart Health

It may help lower blood pressure, improve blood flow, and reduce cholesterol, which is great for keeping your heart healthy.

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